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Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is caused by transplanted donor cells recognizing mismatched HLA antigens on recipient cells. In particular, mismatched HLA-DPB1 occurs in 85% of transplants, and its expression is enhanced by the rs9277534G allele, which might be a marker for GVHD risk.
To determine the risk for GVHD associated with rs9277534G-linked HLA-DPB1 mismatches, investigators genotyped 3505 persons to define rs9277534-DPB1 haplotypes and assessed clinical outcomes of hematopoietic-cell transplants from unrelated donors in 2029 recipients with acute leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome. Of 1441 HLA-DPB1–mismatched recipients, 796 were heterozygous at the rs9277534 locus.
Transplant recipients with rs9277534G…