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Mental pain, across many life situations and psychiatric disorders, contributes to suicide beyond the role of depression itself. Before antidepressants were available, opiates were sometimes used to mitigate depression (the neurophysiological networks mediating somatic and mental pain overlap), and researchers have conducted preliminary research into opiate-drug combinations (NEJM JW Psychiatry Mar 2015 and Neuropsychopharmacology 2015 May; 40:1448). Given that resistance to antidepressant treatment and slow medication responses are common, investigators at four Israeli centers randomly assigned 88 severely suicidal patients (70% women) to receive, in a 2:1 ratio, sublingual buprenorphine (initially, 0.1–0.2 mg/day; potentially increased to…