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The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is high globally but appears to be declining in some countries. However, H. pylori eradication with standard first-line therapies has been decreasing as antibiotic resistance increases (NEJM JW Gastroenterol Sep 2015 and Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13:1616). Researchers have now conducted a systematic literature review on this topic.
They found that H. pylori resistance to antibiotics varies greatly within and among countries, that it is often associated with overall antibiotic use in the general population, and that H. pylori eradication rates have declined globally as antibiotic resistance has increased. Specifically, rates of H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin have risen rapidly in …