Whether lower levels also increase the risk remains uncertain.
In a recent, large, international study, high sodium intake was associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD; NEJM JW Cardiol Aug 2016 and Lancet 2016 May 20; [e-pub]). The current investigators studied this association in 3757 people with chronic kidney disease at seven U.S. locations (mean age, 58; 45% women).
Every participant had at least one measurement of urinary sodium excretion. At follow-up conducted at a median of 6.8 years, the risk for a composite of CVD, defined as heart failure, stroke, or myocardial infarction, was strongly associated with the highest quartile of sodium excretion. Among people in the lowest quartile, <2894 mg/24 hours, the risk was 18.4%, compared with people in the highest quartile, ≥4548 mg…
Reviewing Author
DisclosuresConsultant/Advisory BoardUnited Healthcare; Element Science; Eyedentifeye, F-Prime
EquityHugo Health; Refactor Health; Element Science
Grant/Research SupportPfizer; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Janssen Research and Development, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Engineering; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Cancer Institute; American Heart Association
DisclosuresConsultant/Advisory BoardUnited Healthcare; Element Science; Eyedentifeye, F-Prime
EquityHugo Health; Refactor Health; Element Science
Grant/Research SupportPfizer; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Janssen Research and Development, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Engineering; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Cancer Institute; American Heart Association