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Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (“gliptins”) are incretin-based antidiabetes drugs. Randomized trial data suggest that GLP-1 analogues, but not DPP-4 inhibitors, are associated with excess risk for breast cancer. In this population-based cohort study, researchers used a U.K. general practice database to assess breast cancer risk with GLP-1 analogue use compared with DPP-4 inhibitor use in 45,000 women (age, ≥40). Nearly 500 women used GLP-1 analogues (e.g., liraglutide [Victoza], exenatide [Byetta]), and about 2400 used DPP-4 inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin [Januvia], saxagliptin [Onglyza]).
During mean follow-up of 3.5 years, incident breast cancer occurred in 549 women. In analyses adjus…