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Investigators sought to identify factors associated with survival after penetrating traumatic brain injury and to develop a tool for predicting survival in patients with this injury. They retrospectively analyzed trauma registry data for consecutive adult patients with penetrating traumatic brain injury (defined as penetration of the dura on head computed tomography) who were alive on arrival to one rural and one urban trauma center. Of 413 patients, most were black (58%) men (87%) with gunshot wounds to the head (94%).
Overall 6-month survival was 42.4%. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with survival were higher motor Glasgow Coma Scale score, pupillary reactivity, female sex, lower international normalized ratio, lower injury s…