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Previous research has shown that HIV infection is an independent risk factor for lung cancer, after accounting for traditional factors such as age, smoking, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Immunosuppression and recurrent lung infections have been proposed as important etiologic factors underlying this potential association.
To examine whether immune function markers and bacterial pneumonia episodes are associated with lung cancer risk in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era, investigators conducted a longitudinal cohort study involving 277 persons with incident lung cancer among a population of 21,666 veterans with HIV infection who received ART between 1998 and 2012.
After adjusting for traditional lung cancer risk factors,…