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Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a well-recognized complication of immunosuppressive therapy following solid-organ transplantation. To test whether response to initial treatment with single-agent rituximab predicts outcome, investigators conducted a multicenter, prospective, phase II trial involving CD20-positive PTLD patients who failed to respond to reduced immunosuppression.
Patients achieving complete remission (CR) by computed tomography imaging after four weekly doses of rituximab received four additional doses of rituximab at 21-day intervals. Those with less than CR received four cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) every 21 days. Most patients had prior kidney …