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Early intervention programs intended to assist high-risk parents and infants develop secure attachments assume that individuals' capacities to attach are shaped primarily by the quality of initial relationships. To explore whether serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms affect infants' responses to an early intervention program, the current investigators piggy-backed on a randomized, controlled trial that found moderate effectiveness for an intervention to increase secure attachment in infants aged 18 months. In this intervention, impoverished mothers in South Africa received 16 home visits from community health workers through 6 months postpartum; visits were designed to strengthen mother-infant attachment by enhancing mothers'…