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Foreign-born persons diagnosed with HIV infection pose many challenges for HIV care and prevention. The CDC reported in 2010 that 16% of new U.S. HIV cases were in foreign-born individuals (who comprised 13% of the U.S. population) and that among people newly diagnosed with HIV between 2007 and 2010 in the U.S., a larger proportion of foreign-born than U.S.-born persons were women. Investigators from the CDC used HIV-1 polymerase sequences reported to the U.S. National HIV Surveillance System (from persons diagnosed with HIV in the U.S. from 2001 to 2013) to create a genetic distance–based transmission network. They then linked data on birth region to data on potential transmission partners.
Of 77,686 persons in the analysis, 16% (12,064) we…