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Current sepsis treatment guidelines recommend combination antibiotic therapy for patients with septic shock, but evidence supporting this recommendation is scarce. Now, a retrospective study involving 576 patients treated for monomicrobial septic shock between January 2010 and December 2015 at a single institution sheds some light on this issue. Of the patients, 340 (59%) received empirical active antibiotic monotherapy (AM) and 236 empirical double-active combination therapy (DACT). Patients receiving DACT were younger, received corticosteroids more often, and were more likely to have a nonfatal underlying disease, hematologic malignancy, or neutropenia, whereas patients receiving AM more often had solid-organ malignancies, prior surgery, …