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Detection of a respiratory viral pathogen, such as influenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has been associated with lower risk for invasive bacterial infection (IBI), particularly in infants aged >28 days. More-advanced testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has increased the detection of additional respiratory viral pathogens, including human rhinovirus (HRV), which can have prolonged shedding, making interpretation challenging.
To examine the risk for concomitant bacterial infection (either IBI — bacteremia or meningitis — or urinary tract infection [UTI]) in infants positive for HRV, researchers retrospectively examined respiratory viral testing (RVPCR) results in approximately 4000 febrile, well-appearing infants aged <90 day…