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Mycoplasma genitalium was first identified in the 1980s as a cause of urogenital disease. However, little is known about its natural history, particularly in women. To better understand this infection, researchers used an ongoing prospective study of bacterial vaginosis (BV) to study women between ages 15 and 25 years with asymptomatic BV at 10 different clinical sites in the U.S. Women provided self-collected vaginal swabs, and M. genitalium was identified by nucleic acid amplification.
Among 1139 woman tested, 233 (21%) had positive vaginal swabs for M. genitalium at baseline — more than tested positive for Chlamydia (15%) or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (5%). On multivariable analysis, black race, age ≤21 years, and prior pregnancy were associat…