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Isoniazid (INH) monotherapy for 6 to 9 months has long been the standard of care for latent tuberculosis treatment. However, numerous observational studies have found low rates of regimen completion with INH, and comparable efficacy with 3- or 4-month rifampin or 12-dose INH-rifapentine regimens. To further address this issue, an international team of investigators has now reported on two parallel, open-label, randomized trials that compared the outcomes obtained with either 4 months of rifampin or 9 months of INH for management of latent tuberculosis.
Menzies and colleagues randomized 6063 adult patients 18 years of age and older in 9 countries to the two regimens; 5744 participants completed 28 months of follow-up. They found that the rate…