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The JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has emerged as an effective treatment for patients with myelofibrosis (MF; NEJM JW Oncol Hematol Oct 2012 and Blood 2012; 120:1202). However, impaired responses to this agent have been observed in patients with multiple mutations (NEJM JW Oncol Hematol Sep 2015 and Blood 2015; 126:790). Combining ruxolitinib with azacitidine has been shown to have activity in patients with MF (Leukemia 2008; 22:965).
Now, investigators have conducted an industry-sponsored, open-label, nonrandomized, prospective phase II study of ruxolitinib and azacitidine to determine the number and duration of responses of this combination in 46 MF patients with normal renal and hepatic function and absolute neutrophil counts of ≥1×1…