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Ovarian cancer screening can detect early-stage disease, but screening's effect on survival remains uncertain. From 1987 to 2017, researchers in Kentucky conducted a single-center prospective study of ovarian cancer screening in 46,000 asymptomatic women. Genetic testing was not routinely performed in participants, but 23% had family histories of ovarian cancer. Screening consisted of annual transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS); abnormal imaging elicited repeat TVUS. If findings remained abnormal, morphology was followed and CA125 was assessed. Surgery was performed for persistently complex or solid masses. Outcomes were compared among screened and unscreened women presenting with ovarian cancer.
Among screened women, 699 (1.5%) with persistent ov…