How to Treat Patients with Bradycardia or Cardiac Conduction Delay

Target Audience: General cardiologists and cardiac electrophysiologists

Background and Objective

This guideline updates the 2008 bradycardia guidelines from these organizations.

Key Points

• Sinus node dysfunction is most often related to age-dependent progressive fibrosis. Pacing should be limited to those with symptoms due to bradycardia.

• Nocturnal bradycardia is common, and physicians should evaluate these patients for sleep apnea. Pacing is not usually needed.

• Patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) should be evaluated for structural heart disease, with at least an echocardiogram.

• Even if asymptomatic, patients with irreversible se…