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The widely used Rochester and Philadelphia criteria for assessing risk for serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants were developed over 30 and 20 years ago, respectively, and were validated mostly in children with urinary infection. Now, researchers have reexamined their performance in infants aged ≤60 days, conducting a case-control study of 135 infants with invasive bacterial infection (IBI) and 249 matched febrile control infants evaluated in nine emergency departments. Results were as follows:
Eighty-seven percent of case infants had isolated bacteremia, and 13% had bacterial meningitis.
Twenty-five infants (19%) with IBI were classified as low risk per Rochester criteria versus 11 (8%) per modified Philadelphia criteria, resu…