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Because anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders are often comorbid with opioid use disorders (OUDs), clinicians have been concerned that treatment with opioid agonists or antagonists might unmask psychiatric symptoms. Investigators in Norway randomized 159 OUD patients who had completed detoxification to 12 weeks' treatment with monthly injections of extended-release (XR) naltrexone or daily oral combined buprenorphine-naloxone. Then, patients chose their treatment for the following 9 months (primarily XR-naltrexone). Patients completed monthly rating scales of anxiety, depression, and insomnia.
At baseline, patients endorsed moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, which were correlated with each other. These decre…