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After widespread adoption of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), serotype replacement emerged in invasive pneumococcal disease. It is unclear whether a similar effect has occurred in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Researchers performed a prospective, interrupted time-series study of CAP rates in eight urban pediatric emergency departments in France during the 8 years following implementation of a national three-dose (at 2, 4, and 12 months of age) PCV13 vaccination campaign. Children 1 month to 15 years of age who had radiographically confirmed CAP were included in the study. Outcomes were rates of overall CAP, CAP with effusion, CAP with high inflammatory markers, CAP requiring hospitalization, and proven pneumococcal…