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Treatment of women with severe pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and tubo-ovarian abscesses is complex, typically including broad-spectrum antibiotics and sometimes minimally invasive drainage procedures as well as surgery. The potential need for surgery led investigators in Japan to conduct a large retrospective cohort study using a national inpatient database representing some 1200 hospitals and about 50% of all acute-care inpatients. During the 6-year study period, almost 28,000 patients aged ≥18 were admitted with PID with or without a tubo-ovarian abscess.
About 4400 patients had surgery (749 of these via laparoscopy). The authors used propensity-score matching to identify 740 pairs of patients (1 patient with laparoscopy and 1 with lap…