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Polio eradication requires withdrawing live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) because of the potential for vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) to revert to neurovirulence, causing paralysis and outbreaks. Yet halting vaccine-associated polio outbreaks requires use of live vaccine because inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) does not generate mucosal immunity, needed to stop transmission.
Two novel OPV serotype-2 (OPV2) candidates were created by genetic modification to improve stability. To assess these vaccines' immunogenicity, safety, tolerability, fecal shedding, and potential for reversion to neurovirulence, investigators conducted a phase I trial, administering either of the single-dose vaccines to 30 healthy, previously IPV-vac…