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Herpes zoster (HZ) is a result of reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) sometime after chicken pox, the primary infection caused by the virus. Although the incidence of HZ is lower in children than in adults, it is well described, and children with primary VZV before age 1 year are at greatest risk. Children can also develop HZ after vaccination, but the risk for reactivation following vaccination has been challenging to study, requiring a large number of children infected with vaccine-type virus (vaccinated) and wild-type virus (unvaccinated).
In this study, researchers assessed physician-documented HZ incidence and VZV vaccination status during 2003 to 2014 among 6.4 million children enrolled in six healthcare organizations. Results…