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At least a dozen randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that short-course antibiotic therapy is as effective as longer-course therapy in patients with pneumonia, and guidelines recommend providing antibiotics for the shortest effective duration (Clin Infect Dis 2016 63:e61). Using a retrospective cohort, investigators analyzed 30-day outcomes in 6500 patients with pneumonia at 43 Michigan hospitals. The shortest effective guideline-defined duration of antibiotics was 5 (±1) days for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and 7 (±1) days for healthcare-associated pneumonia or pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Longer durations were acceptable if patients had not met clinical stability criteria by the end of t…