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The use of anesthesia services for endoscopic procedures has increased steadily in the U.S.; it is the dominant method of endoscopic sedation. The popularity of anesthesia-directed sedation (ADS), including with propofol, derives from its ability to provide deeper sedation with less patient discomfort, greater patient and physician satisfaction, rapid sedation onset and recovery, improved efficiency, and, potentially, improved patient safety, especially in sicker patients and complicated cases, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, the overall safety of anesthesia services is controversial, as some studies have shown increased complications, such as aspiration pneumonia and colonic perforation.
Investigators…