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To elucidate the relation between interpersonal trauma and subsequent urinary dysfunction, investigators conducted a cross-sectional study of data from an observational, multiethnic cohort study of risk factors for urinary symptoms in women seen at an integrated healthcare system in northern California. Analysis adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, education, body-mass index, parity, menopausal status, prior hysterectomy, hormone therapy, and diuretic use was used to examine associations between urinary dysfunction and intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in some 2000 women (age range, 40–80).
In all, 21% of women reported lifetime emotional IPV, 16% physical IPV, and 20% sex…