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Hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies have long been associated with protection against influenza. The existing literature points to an independent contribution from the neuraminidase inhibiting (NAI) antibodies — and neutralizing antibodies generally correlate with HAI. Investigators evaluated the role of preexisting NAI and neutralizing antibodies as measured in a pseudovirus neutralization (PVN) assay during an influenza A/H3N2 outbreak in May 2016 among 29 military recruits on Parris Island, South Carolina. None of the recruits had received the seasonal influenza vaccine at the base, and history of influenza vaccination was unavailable.
Investigators tested pretraining sera in the influenza cases and 106 controls to determine the …