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Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a biomarker of neuronal damage and is elevated in several diseases of the central nervous system. Investigators evaluated patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who had stored serum samples taken before diagnosis. From 245 active-duty military personnel with at least one stored presymptomatic serum sample, along with a confirmed MS diagnosis, the authors selected two groups of 30 patients (ultimately matched 1:1 to controls). One group had one presymptomatic sample collected a median of 1 year before MS clinical onset date and one sample a median of 1 year after onset, and the other group had at least two presymptomatic samples, one taken a median of 6 years before diagnosis. Onset date was based on documen…