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Several studies and a meta-analysis have linked bipolar disorder to higher rates of dementia, but the potential impact of lithium on this relationship has been less studied. To further examine these connections, investigators conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Of 3926 articles initially identified, 11 could be used in meta-analyses (sample sizes, 209–190,041).
Ten studies were included in a meta-analysis relating bipolar disorder to dementia (4 cohort studies and 6 case-control studies; 6859 patients with bipolar disorder and 487,966 controls). The risk for dementia in patients with bipolar disorder was nearly three times that for controls. In two studies, patients with bipolar disorder had elevated risks for dementia compared …