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Cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS) has been increasingly recognized, but the few studies on the subject have reported widely varying prevalence and risk factors. The insomnia, anxiety, irritability, depression, and somatic symptoms of CWS can be confused with primary psychiatric symptoms, making differentiation important for mental-health clinicians. This meta-analytic review of observational studies covers 50 cohorts of people with regular use of cannabis or cannabinoids.
The pooled prevalence of CWS, diagnosed with validated instruments, was 47% but varied widely across population-based (17%), outpatient (54%), and inpatient (87%) samples. CWS was more common in those who used cannabis daily, had cannabis use disorder (CUD), had comorbid t…