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Use of e-cigarettes now exceeds that of traditional cigarettes among adolescents. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has included e-cigarettes in an update to its 2013 recommendations on primary care interventions to help youth not use tobacco products (NEJM JW Pediatr Adolesc Med 2013 Mar and Ann Intern Med 2013; 158:253). The update is based on evidence from a systematic review.
Fourteen trials (25,049 children) examined behavioral counseling interventions to prevent smoking initiation; in pooled analysis, the incidence of initiation was significantly lower in intervention groups compared with control groups. Eighteen trials examined behavioral counseling interventions for both prevention and cessation and another four trials…