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Pyelonephritis has traditionally been treated with lengthy antibiotic courses; some guidelines recommend durations of 10 to 14 days. In an effort to reduce antibiotic duration for many infectious diseases, shorter courses are being evaluated. In this retrospective multicenter chart-review study, researchers compared outcomes in 791 children ages 6 months to 18 years with pyelonephritis who received short (<10 days) or prolonged courses (≥10 days) of antibiotics.
Most patients (62.5%) received a prolonged course, with a median duration of 11 days. Median duration of the short course was 8 days. Children under 3 years were more likely to receive a prolonged course than a short course. Overall, 94% of patients were transitioned to oral antibiot…