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For ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), resection with clear margins is standard of care to avert invasive progression. Radiation after lumpectomy can reduce risk for local recurrence by 50%, and endocrine therapy can lower this risk by 30% while also reducing risk for contralateral breast cancer. Nonetheless, the long-term sequelae of DCIS are still poorly defined. In a large observational study, U.K. investigators used national breast screening data to evaluate >35,000 women with DCIS diagnosed from 1988 to 2014. Subsequent incidence of invasive breast-tumor recurrence (IBTR) and death from breast cancer were compared with expected rates in the general population of England and Wales; cumulative analyses were stratified by time since DCIS di…