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The incidence of chronic subdural hematoma has been increasing as the population ages and the use of antithrombotic therapy widens. Surgical evacuation is the mainstay of treatment, but previous studies have suggested that using dexamethasone to target the inflammation associated with blood products in the subdural space might limit hematoma growth and reaccumulation and reduce the need for surgical intervention in some cases. However, these hypotheses and the precise effect of dexamethasone on clinical outcomes have escaped a more rigorous evaluation, until now. In a multicenter trial, 748 patients with symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (identified radiographically) were randomized to receive either a 2-week dexamethasone taper or plac…