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Mesothelioma is a rare and highly aggressive form of cancer. The median survival for previously untreated patients is less than 1 year, with a 5-year survival rate less than 10%. Platinum chemotherapy in combination with pemetrexed has been the standard of care since 2004, and bevacizumab modestly improves outcomes in some patients. Early-phase studies of immune checkpoint inhibition in mesothelioma have demonstrated promising outcomes.
In the open-label, phase 3 CheckMate 743 trial, 605 patients with newly diagnosed unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) were randomized to receive nivolumab (3 mg/kg intravenously [IV] every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab (1 mg/kg IV every 6 weeks) or platinum plus pemetrexed chemotherapy. In a planned …