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Many clinicians believe — primarily based on data from observational registries — that women have more complications with ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) than men and possibly even lower efficacy. To learn more, researchers performed a prespecified substudy of the prospective, partially industry-funded CABANA trial (NEJM JW Cardiol Jun 2019 and JAMA 2019; 321:1261), which had randomized 819 women (37%) and 1385 men with AF to ablation or medical treatment.
Women were older than men (median age, 69 vs. 66), had more severe AF symptoms, and were more likely to have symptomatic heart failure or paroxysmal AF. Complications with ablation were equally low in both sexes. Both sexes showed reductions in recurrent AF with ablation, compared wit…