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Five medications (i.e., orlistat, naltrexone-bupropion, phentermine-topiramate, and the injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] receptor agonists liraglutide and semaglutide) currently are approved by the FDA for treating patients with obesity or overweight. To assess the relative effectiveness and safety of these and other candidate weight-loss agents, researchers conducted a network meta-analysis of 143 randomized weight-loss trials in which any of these agents was compared with placebo, no treatment, or another active agent. The trials included 50,000 patients with no limitations on related comorbidities; all patients also received lifestyle interventions.
Compared with lifestyle changes alone, phentermine-topiramate was most effective…