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Although pneumonia is among the top ten causes of death in the U.S., the characteristics of severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remain poorly characterized. Only since 2007 have the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) pneumonia guidelines provided a standard definition of sCAP (i.e., meeting 1 major criterion [septic shock necessitating vasopressors or respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation] or 3 minor criteria [indicated by laboratory and physiologic markers]). In a retrospective observational study using a database involving 177 U.S. hospitals, researchers describe sCAP epidemiology, microbiology, and outcomes. Among almost 155,000 inpatients, 14% met at least one major criterio…