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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) usually resolves after childbirth, but GDM confers excess risk for future type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and perhaps cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
In a meta-analysis of 15 observational studies with follow-up ranging from 1 to 26 years, women who had GDM, compared with women who didn't have GDM, were significantly more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases (risk ratio, 1.7) and cerebrovascular diseases (RR, 1.4). The excess overall risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease was statistically significant even among women who did not develop type 2 diabetes (RR, 1.1); excess risk was attenuated (but not eliminated) in studies that were adjusted for sm…