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When results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized trials of oral menopausal hormone therapy (HT) were publicized 20 years ago, attention focused mostly on excess adverse thromboembolic and cardiovascular events, as well as breast cancer. But these trials also showed that HT was associated with excess risk for dementia (NEJM JW Gen Med Jul 1 2003 and JAMA 2003; 289:2651; NEJM JW Gen Med Aug 1 2004 and JAMA 2004; 291:2947). To examine whether this association existed in a community setting, researchers conducted a population-based, observational study drawn from Taiwan's single-payer health insurance database.
About 35,000 women who initiated menopausal HT between the years 2000 and 2005 were compared with 70,000 who did not. The …