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The consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) may be a risk factor for dementia. In this multicenter study, researchers assessed whether UPF consumption affected cognition in 10,775 Brazilian participants (mean age, 52 years; 55% female; 53% white; 57% with a college degree). Daily UPF consumption was extracted by data from a validated food frequency questionnaire and calculated as a percentage of total energy. Cognitive outcomes were based on tests of global cognition, memory, and executive function. Covariates included sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables.
At baseline, the mean body-mass index was 26.9 kg/m2 and the mean total daily caloric intake was 2856 kcal. After a median follow-up of 8 years, those with >19.9% UPF cons…