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Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation may be a risk factor for dementia. In this population-based study, researchers assessed whether oral anticoagulant (OAC) use affected dementia risk in 142,227 patients (mean age, 75 years; 47% female) with a diagnosis of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation after entry into the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Database. Patients did not have a diagnosis of dementia or cognitive impairment at baseline. OACs included apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and warfarin. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of dementia at follow-up. Covariates included age, sex, smoking, body-mass index, calendar year of cohort entry, and other risk factors and comorbidities.
Dementia incidence was 12.1 per 1000 person-years. OAC u…