CAR T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Myeloma

Patients with relapse of myeloma after multiple lines of therapy had limited treatment options prior to the availability of CAR T-cell products. Now, in an industry-sponsored, multicenter, phase 3 trial, 386 patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma were randomized 2:1 to the anti–B-cell maturation antigen-directed CAR-T agent idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) or one of five standard therapeutic regimens. Eligible patients had received two to four prior regimens that included immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab; most patients were refractory to their most recent treatment.

With a median follow-up of 18.6 months, progression-free survival (PFS), the primary outcome, was significa…