Severe Mpox Outcomes in People with Advanced HIV

Patients with CD4 cell count <200/mm³ had severe disseminated mpox and a mortality rate of 15%.

Up to 50% of people with mpox diagnoses in the current multicountry outbreak also have HIV. People with well-controlled HIV appear to have mpox outcomes similar to those without HIV — however, less is known about mpox outcomes in people with advanced HIV. Now, investigators report outcomes between May 2022 and January 2023 in 382 adults with mpox, HIV, and CD4 cell counts <350/mm³ (counts were stratified into 4 categories ranging from <100 to 301–350 cells/mm³). Most participants were from Latin America, North America, and Europe.

Key findings are as follows:

Among patients with CD4 cell counts <200/mm³, mortality was 15%. All deaths occurred among people in this CD4 stratum.
People with CD4 cell counts <100/mm³ were more likely than those wit…

Reviewing Author

Rajesh T. Gandhi, MD

Disclosures

Grant/Research SupportNIH

Editorial BoardsUpToDate; ID Images (idimages.org); Infectious Diseases Society of America COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines; International Antiviral Society–USA (Guidelines Committee)

Leadership Positions in Professional SocietiesHIV Medicine Association; Infectious Diseases Society of America (Board of Directors)

Rajesh T. Gandhi, MD

Disclosures

Grant/Research SupportNIH

Editorial BoardsUpToDate; ID Images (idimages.org); Infectious Diseases Society of America COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines; International Antiviral Society–USA (Guidelines Committee)

Leadership Positions in Professional SocietiesHIV Medicine Association; Infectious Diseases Society of America (Board of Directors)

Severe Mpox Outcomes in People with Advanced HIV

Topics

Reviewing Author