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Since the U.S. mpox outbreak in 2022, >30,000 cases have been recorded — probably a marked underestimate of total cases. Soon after the first cases were diagnosed, the JYNNEOS vaccine (modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine), developed against smallpox, was suggested as an agent with probable effectiveness against the related mpox virus (MPXV). The high-risk populations targeted for vaccination consisted of gay, transgender, and bisexual persons who have sex with men. The vaccine was initially authorized as a two-dose regimen of 0.5 mL subcutaneously, but in August 2022, an emergency use authorization was given for 0.1 mL intracutaneously as an alternative. Receipt of two doses in either regimen was deemed full vaccination, whereas one dose of ei…