Relapse Risk in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein–Associated Antibody Disease

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) is associated with a long-term risk for relapse. Many patients with long-term relapses have early relapses, but the association of early and late relapses has been unclear. Investigators in this multicenter study retrospectively evaluated 289 patients with MOGAD and at least 2 years of follow-up and no immunosuppressive therapy before their long-term relapse. Patients included 177 adults, 78 young pediatric-onset (≤12 years old) cases, and 34 older pediatric-onset (13-17 years old) cases.

Early relapses occurred in 23.2% of patients; more relapses occurred in months 1 to 3 than in months 4 to 12. Risk for long-term relapses was increased if any early relapses were presen…