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High-dose chemotherapy (HDT) followed by autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) can cure patients with relapsed lymphoma, but the treatment carries a risk for second primary malignancies (SPMs).
To determine the risk for SPMs, other than lymphoma-related malignancies, among patients who underwent HDT-ASCT, investigators conducted a retrospective, population-based, cohort study of 803 individuals in the Danish Lymphoma Registry with a history of aggressive lymphomas. Most patients had received only one line of therapy prior to HDT-ASCT, and 15% had received radiotherapy. The study excluded those who had primary central nervous system lymphoma, HIV-positivity, prior organ transplantation, or other malignancy prior to ASCT. E…