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Previous research has suggested that false-positive mammogram results are associated with higher risk for subsequently developing breast cancer. To further examine this issue, researchers in Sweden used national mammography data to follow 500,000 women (median age, 52) during 30 years (1991–2020). About 45,000 women had false-positive results (i.e., they were recalled for further evaluation but didn't receive diagnoses of breast cancer at that time). Women with false-positive results were matched with controls to compare rates of subsequent breast cancer diagnosis.
The results include:
Women with false-positive results had a 20-year cumulative incidence of breast cancer of 11.3%, compared with 7.3% among controls (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.61)…