Relapses and Maintenance Treatment in Adults with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease

Maintenance immunomodulating therapy for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) after the first episode remains of uncertain benefit. For this multicenter, retrospective cohort study, 128 adult patients with a first episode of MOGAD were identified.

During a median follow-up of 78 months, 38% of patients relapsed. Of the 23% who experienced one relapse, median time to first relapse was 3.2 months. Another 9% experienced a second relapse, occurring after a median of 13.0 months. Those who initiated MOGAD maintenance treatment after the first attack had a 74% lower relapse risk than those who did not. Expanded Disability Status Scale score at final follow-up indicated moderate disability (≥3) in 17% and severe …