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A 2001 meta-analysis concluded that use of reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution (ORS) for children with diarrhea-associated dehydration results in lower stool volume, less vomiting, and less need for intravenous infusions than use of iso-osmotic solutions. In 2002, the World Health Organization recommended that reduced osmolarity ORS be used for patients with diarrheal illnesses and that the incidence of symptomatic hyponatremia be monitored. These authors report the results of a phase 4 trial conducted for 1 year at two hospitals in Bangladesh starting in late 2002 or early 2003.
A total of 53,280 patients with uncomplicated watery diarrhea, of whom 22,536 were children younger than 60 months, received reduced-osmolarity ORS (sodium…